[NS1] Neurons and Glia

안녕!
이번 시간에는 신경과학의 기초 중의 기초!
바로 신경세포(neuron)과 신경아교세포(glial cells)에 대해 다룰 예정이다!

The Neuron Doctrine

Finding Neuron via Histology

Histology: 염색법

그래서 대충 2가지 염색법이 있는데,
바로 Nissl Stain과 Golgi Stain이다.

Nissl Stain

❗단어들❗

단어	뜻
stain	얼룩, 염색
clump	1. 수풀/나무숲 2. (사람/사물)집단, (흙)덩어리

A German neurologist Franz Nissl showed that
a class of basic dyes would stain the nuclei of all cells as well as clumps of material surrounding the nuclei of neurons.

Nissl Bodies: The clumps stained by the dyes.
(cf. mostly RNA in ER)
Nissl Stain: The stain.

Wikipedia: Nissl Body

Useful for…

• Distinguish between neurons and glia
• Enables histologists to study the arrangement (cytoarchitecture) of neurons in different parts of the brain.

Golgi Stain

A silver chromate solution darkly colors the brain tissue.

It reveals the total structure of neuron, as follows…

Apparent Structure of Neuron

• 몸뚱아리: Soma (plural: somata) == Cell Body == Perikaryon (plural: perikarya)
• 수염: Neurites. (2 kinds)

Neurite 종류

• axons: [Output]
  • Usually one for each cell body
  • Of uniform diameter throughout its length
  • Branch extensions are generally at right angles
  • Can be long. >=1m
• dendrites: [Input]
  • Extends from the cell body.
  • Generally taper to the fine point.
  • Comes in contact with many axons.
  • Rarely longer than 2mm.

The Prototypical Neuron

Neuron Classifications

Glia